Admin governance

Embracing ambiguity to
define governance

I was tasked with leading the design for a newly formed team at HubSpot. Our primary focus was to explore and define admin governance. Venturing into the uncharted territory of the governance space can be challenging, but it also presents numerous opportunities for growth and learning.

My contributions

User research and synthesis, user flows, end-to-end experience designs, content writing, stakeholder communication

Team

Product manager
Tech Lead
FE and BE engineers
UX researcher
Dashboard mockup
Challenge

Uncovering admin pain points

Over the years HubSpot focused on the end-user experience — those doing the work in the product daily. As companies grew and users were added, some existing users were being tapped to be the unofficial HubSpot admin. We needed to understand the admin space quickly to learn more and define:
  • Who are our admins — do they have a marketing, sales, or service background?
  • What are the core admin tasks (jobs to be done)?
  • What should our top priorities be in this space?
  • What are the gaps and opportunities in the admin space?
  • What are the top pain points for admins?
Process

Troubleshooting troubles:
a competitive analysis

A competitive analysis revealed that while HubSpot excels in many admin features, troubleshooting user issues presented a potential gap compared to some competitors. Recognizing the importance of a frustration-free user experience, I developed guidelines to help our team make decisions that prioritize simplifying problem-solving for users encountering issues. This approach aims to differentiate HubSpot by offering a superior user experience even when users face challenges.
Governance design principles to help guide decision-making

Digging deeper and building with our customers

Our top priority was to address user impersonation, a feature that customers had been requesting for years. This feature allows admins to act as users to help with setup and troubleshooting. My product manager and I conducted a study to understand the challenges admins face and their expectations for user impersonation.

Research goals

  • Identify admin pain points related to impersonation
  • Understand current admin troubleshooting methods.
  • Evaluate if impersonation is the best solution.

If we were able to emulate a user, we won’t have to ask support all the time. This is a hurdle to us getting more HubSpot products. We are a bit shell shocked from some past instances.

Sarah Cocos
Marketing Manager, Velux

What did we learn?

Admins face challenges when troubleshooting user accounts due to user-related factors like customization, tech skills, and understanding of CRM terms. Additionally, misalignment between admins and users, time constraints, and scalability issues with increasing numbers of users contribute to the difficulties.

Based on our learning, I assembled a typical troubleshooting journey for users and admins. This helped my team and other stakeholders see all the steps involved and why fixing issues is so hard.
Our customers' troubleshooting process often involved multiple back-and-forth interactions between users and admins, which could be time-consuming and frustrating. This sometimes limited the user's experience or even hindered product adoption.
Solution

Log in as a user

Recognizing HubSpot's potential, I defined the problem, articulated opportunities and risks, and outlined the optimal implementation based on customer research. By mapping the ideal admin journey, we streamlined the experience while maintaining a strong focus on technical and security requirements to safeguard our customers' user accounts.
Once notified of a user's problem, Admins could quickly login to a user's account to fix problems, instead of going back and forth.
By utilizing the existing design system patterns, I was able to rapidly develop design options that maintained a simple and intuitive user experience. In the end, we decided the contextual alert pattern was the best pattern for the user and the simplest implementation.
Following a thorough design critique and incorporating valuable team feedback, we implemented our proposed solution. This approach not only adhered to our existing design system patterns, ensuring a consistent and familiar user experience, but also prioritized the necessary security measures to safeguard user accounts. During the critique, a suggestion was made to introduce additional friction into the flow. To enhance security, we implemented a confirmation modal, prompting users to verify their intended action and its potential consequences before proceeding with impersonation.
Results

Boosting admin efficiency and problem-solving

The "Log in as user" feature, introduced in Q3 2021 for Enterprise accounts, has been valuable for admins. It's used for training, updating profiles, and checking access.

This feature’s user engagement has steadily increased since launch, doubling from 15,000 to 31,000 user logins per month. As HubSpot continues to release more features, user impersonation is helping our admins solve user issues.

Surprisingly, we found it also improved our internal processes. It helped us identify common admin issues and spot new problems quickly. The chart shows the top 12 pages where this feature is used. In February 2024, we saw a big increase in impersonations on CRM index and record pages, likely due to a visual update.
30K+
user impersonations happen each month
1K+
user impersonations alone on 12 pages across the product

Kind words from our admins

Sourced from LinkedIn posts after release
More products should be implementing this feature as troubleshooting is a productivity drag for both parties (end-user and admin). This is a major help…
I am loving this new feature! I can already identify many helpful use cases for logging in as users. Thank you!
Just used this today for the first time, and what a time saver for all involved!